70% of women with PCOS undiagnosed, risk infertility — Gynaecologist

As the world observes Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Awareness Month, fertility specialist Dr Abayomi Ajayi has highlighted that approximately 70% of women with PCOS remain undiagnosed due to a lack of awareness. PCOS is a common hormonal condition affecting women of reproductive age and is a leading cause of anovulatory infertility.

Ajayi, who serves as the Medical Director of Nordica Fertility Centre in Lagos, explained that PCOS is also the most prevalent cause of hormonal disorders in women of reproductive age, often leading to disrupted ovulation and irregular menstruation. He shared this information during a webinar organised by the fertility centre to raise awareness about the condition.

PCOS Awareness Month, observed annually throughout September, is a global healthcare event aimed at improving the lives of those affected, helping them manage their symptoms, and reducing their risks of developing serious health conditions such as diabetes.

According to the World Health Organisation, PCOS affects an estimated 8 to 13% of women of reproductive age. Despite its prevalence, up to 70% of women with the condition remain undiagnosed worldwide, even though it is a major cause of infertility.

“PCOS is a common hormonal condition affecting women of reproductive age, often starting in adolescence but fluctuating over time,” said Dr Ajayi. He further explained that PCOS could cause irregular periods, high androgen levels, and ovarian cysts, making it difficult for women to conceive.

Ajayi noted that while there is no cure for PCOS, its symptoms can be managed through lifestyle changes, medication, and fertility treatments.

He stressed that the condition is chronic, meaning affected women will live with it throughout their lives, and understanding its management is crucial.

He pointed out that the exact cause of PCOS is unknown, though it could be genetic. He said, “PCOS has no cure, so it’s a condition women will live with. It’s a common abnormality and a leading cause of anovulatory infertility.

Unfortunately, 50 to 70% of women with PCOS are undiagnosed, leading to frequent misdiagnosis.”

Ajayi stressed the importance of proper diagnosis and treatment, stating that two out of three PCOS symptoms must be present before a formal diagnosis can be made. He highlighted that symptoms, such as higher testosterone levels and insulin resistance, could vary among women, with some experiencing milder forms of the condition and others facing more severe issues, including weight gain and fertility problems.

The gynaecologist advised women with PCOS to seek appropriate medical care from specialists to manage their condition and infertility. “With proper evaluation and treatment, ovulation induction with fertility drugs has an 80% success rate. If this approach does not lead to pregnancy, assisted reproductive technology such as IVF can be effective,” Ajayi said.

He also addressed the psychological impact of PCOS, noting that many women suffer from depression linked to the condition and encouraging healthcare professionals to take these concerns seriously.

Ajayi concluded by advising women with PCOS to seek out maternal health specialists for a proper evaluation and treatment plan, ensuring they receive the best possible care to manage their condition and enhance their chances of conception.