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In recent months, Nigeria has experienced a troubling increase in kidnappings for ransom, a crime that has not only disrupted lives but also instilled widespread fears.
Between January and July 2024, at least 2,140 individuals were victims of kidnapping across Nigeria, according to a tally by the PUNCH Newspapers. Data from this period paints a sobering picture
This disturbing trend reveals a landscape scarred by violence, where families are thrust into unimaginable despair, and communities plunged into a rising tide of insecurity.
Over seven months, the scourge of kidnapping affected victims across 24 states, with Zamfara and Kaduna states emerging as the most beleaguered regions.
May, in particular, saw a staggering rise in abductions, with over 500 people seized in a spree of violence that left five dead in 50 villages within Zamfara State.
This grim episode, highlighted by House of Representatives member, Bello Shinkafi, cast a shadow over the entire nation.
January began with a stark reminder of the perils faced by travellers, as 85 people were abducted along the treacherous Kaduna-Abuja highway near Katari.
A series of alarming incidents were to follow this chilling start.
In February, a terrorist gang struck on the very first day of the month, seizing 60 wedding guests in Katsina State.
March witnessed a particularly devastating blow, with the abduction of 280 pupils and teachers from Government Secondary School and LEA Primary School in Kuriga, Kaduna State.
It was a heart-wrenching event that symbolised the escalating brutality.
In April, suspected bandits targeted Kasai village in Katsina, abducting 30 children, while May’s atrocities left an indelible mark on Zamfara State.
The impact of these cruel events extended beyond the immediate anguish of the victims and their families, fueling a growing sense of insecurity throughout the country.
Amid this chaos, the families of 62 victims—accounting for 2.89 per cent of those abducted—resorted to paying a staggering ransom of N389m to secure the release of their loved ones.
These figures reflect not only the scale of the crisis but also the desperate measures taken by individuals caught in the web of violence.
Understanding how to respond if you find yourself in such a harrowing situation is crucial for survival.
This article offers practical advice and strategies to help navigate the perilous environment of a kidnapper’s den, based on expert recommendations and real-life experiences.
Stay calm and assess the situation
The initial reaction to being kidnapped is often panic, but staying calm is essential.
A security expert, Adeyemi Adeyemi, noted that panic could cloud one’s judgment and impair one’s ability to think clearly.
He said, “Take a deep breath and quickly assess your surroundings. Try to determine where you are. Note any distinguishing features or sounds that could give you clues about your location.”
He also urged captives to observe their captors without drawing attention.
He added, “Note their number, demeanour, and any identifying features such as accents or tattoos. Check your restraints or bindings. Are they secure? Is there any chance of escaping or loosening them?”
Build rapport with your captors
Adeyemi noted that if the opportunity arises, establishing a rapport with your captors could be beneficial.
He stated that kidnappers were often more likely to negotiate or release captives they perceived as cooperative or non-threatening.
Speaking on how to build a good rapport, he urged captives to be polite and only engage in conversations when invited while in the kidnappers’ den.
He said, “Use respectful language and avoid confrontational behaviour. Showing courtesy can make captors more inclined to treat you better.”
Also contributing, another security expert in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Jackson Lekan-Ojo, said if possible, engaging in small talk or asking questions could save a captive from being killed before help arrives.
“Speaking to your captors with respect and not fear can humanise you and reduce the captors’ perception of you as merely a ransom. But don’t give them any information that suggests your family would lose a breadwinner if you were killed. They may increase the ransom or even kill you after getting that ransom.
“If you can, find any common interests or experiences. This can create a sense of connection and make your captors more empathetic,” he said.
Try to understand your captors’ motives
Kidnappers are usually driven by financial gain, but understanding their motivations can help one to strategise.
Adeyemi noted that most kidnappings are financially motivated, adding that understanding this can help one gauge the potential for negotiation or escape.
Lekan-Ojo added that some kidnappings might be politically or personally motivated.
“Knowing this can help you understand the gravity of the situation and the potential for negotiation,” he said.
Keep communication open
If you’re able to communicate with your family or authorities, it’s important to do so effectively, both experts noted.
Adeyemi emphasised that if one’s captors allowed communication with family or authorities, following their instructions precisely would be a good way to win their trust.
“Most kidnappers might have specific demands or restrictions. Don’t try to be smart by half. They have the upper hand. While you are communicating with family, make sure you are open about it,” he said.
A Sociologist and Security Consultant to firms in the United States and Canada, Dr Sophie Adei, advised, “When communicating, provide accurate information about your location, condition, and any instructions from your captors. This will help authorities and your family to coordinate a response.
“Maintain a calm demeanour during communication. Avoid expressing fear or desperation, as this can worsen the situation.”
Focus on your safety
Your primary goal in a kidnapper’s den should be to ensure your safety, not to get killed.
“Do not resist or attempt to escape unless you’re certain it’s safe. Resistance can provoke violence and put your life at risk,” Adeyemi cautioned.
He also urged captives to adhere to their captors’ instructions to avoid aggravating them. According to him, compliance might also help in gaining their trust and possibly improving your situation.
Lekan-Ojo added that captives must pay attention to the routines and habits of their captors.
“Know when they leave the room, when they return, when they sleep, and things like that. This can provide valuable information for any potential escape or rescue plan,” he said.
Plan for possible scenarios
Planning for various scenarios can increase your chances of survival.
“If you identify an opportunity for escape, weigh the risks and benefits. Ensure you have a clear plan and understand the potential consequences of your actions,” Adei advised.
If negotiation is an option, she noted that captives must prepare to present themselves as valuable, cooperative individuals.
“Emphasise your willingness to cooperate and your lack of threat to the captors.
In the event of a rescue operation, comply with instructions from rescuers and avoid sudden movements that could jeopardise the mission,” she added.
Build psychological resilience
Maintaining psychological resilience is crucial in a kidnapping situation.
A psychologist at a private therapy centre in Osun State, Timothy Ajidahun, said captives must focus on maintaining a positive mindset even while with their captors.
“Negative emotions can impair your judgment and morale. Engage in mental exercises to keep your mind active. This could include recalling personal memories, solving mental puzzles, or planning for the future,” he said.
Post-kidnapping measures
Once you’re free from the grip of the daredevils, there are important steps to take for your well-being and recovery.
Ajidahun, the psychologist, said these include, “Getting a thorough medical examination to address any physical injuries or health issues resulting from the kidnapping.
“Consider seeking counselling or therapy to deal with the psychological trauma. Professional support can help in processing the experience and aiding recovery.”
He also advised that survivors must provide a detailed report of the incident to the authorities.
“Your information could be valuable in apprehending the perpetrators and preventing future kidnappings,” he added.
